A climate model based on the community is crucial in climate change adaptation because it can show where best to build and ...

The evaluation and ensemble analysis of Earth system models is crucial for model improvements and a prerequisite for reliable climate projections of the 21st century to be used as guide-lines for ...

Studying how biological processes and climate are related requires a new type of climate model: the Earth system model (ESM). ESMs include physical processes like those in other climate models but ...

Terrestrial carbon cycle dynamics remain one of the greatest sources of uncertainty in climate projections, with diverging estimates of ecosystem carbon uptake, affecting the accuracy of Earth system ...