Earth system models (ESMs) integrate the interactions of atmosphere, ocean, land, ice, and biosphere to estimate the state of regional and global climate under a wide variety of conditions.

As global temperatures rise, scientists debate the pros and cons of solar geoengineering, a strategy to cool Earth by reflecting sunlight into space.

Climate change presents the gravest threat to life on Earth in all of human history. The planet is warming to a degree beyond what many species can handle, altering or eliminating habitat, reducing ...

Climate and Earth system modelling is the use of mathematical representations of key components and properties of the atmosphere, ocean and biosphere to construct computer models. These models ...

With an underlying universal theme of convection, a new textbook introduces upper-level geology, geophysics, physics, and engineering students to the geophysics behind the Earth System.

Climate science has correctly predicted many aspects of the climate system and its response to increased atmospheric carbon ...

Oceans play a crucial role in absorbing excess heat generated by greenhouse gas emissions. In fact, they take in over 90% of this heat, acting as a massive buffer against global warming.

A new study finds that climate change is already causing all sorts of problems on Earth, but soon it will be making a mess in ...