The “lead” of a pencil is actually made of a substance called graphite which is made of carbon atoms. The picture shows a close-up of one carbon atom. A hydrogen atom has one proton as the nucleus and ...

Number of protons Z = 30 Number of protons + neutrons A = 64 Number of neutrons N = 64 - 30 = 34 Since this is a nucleus there are no electrons There are 30 protons and 34 neutrons.

Quarks are the reason protons have a positive charge. Each quark has a fraction of an electric charge. A proton has two up ...